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Appendix
A-6
A.6 RAID 6
RAID 6 stripes data and parity data across an array of drives, as with RAID 5, and calculates two sets of parity
information for each stripe to improve fault tolerance. Performance-wise, RAID 6 is generally slightly worse than RAID 5
in terms of writes, due to the extra parity calculations. It may, however, be slightly faster in terms of random reads, due to
the spreading of data over one more disk. As with RAID 3 and RAID 5, performance can be adjusted by changing stripe
size.
RAID 6: Independent data disks with double parity blocks
Characteristics
• Storage capacity = (number of disks -2) x (capacity of the smallest disk)
• A minimum of four disks are required.
• Fault tolerance: very good to excellent
• Good speed with random reads
Recommended use
• File and application servers
• Database servers
• Internet, email and news servers
• Intranet servers
• Use in high reliability server environments
D
A B P1 P2
C P3 P4 D
P5 P6 E F
P7
Disk 1 Disk 2 Disk 3 Disk 4
G H P8
CONTROLLER
A
B
C
Figure A-5 RAID 6 disk array
- U320 SCSI to SATAII 1
- 4G Fibre to SAS 1
- SAS to SAS 1
- Disk Array Systems 1
- JanusRAID II Generic 3
- Software Manual 3
- Table of Contents 5
- Contents 10
- List of Tables 11
- List of Figures 12
- About this manual 15
- Symbols used in this manual 15
- Chapter 1: Introduction 17
- 1.2 Key Features 18
- 1.3 How to Use This Manual 21
- 1.4 RAID Structure Overview 22
- Introduction 24
- Chapter 2: Using the RAID GUI 26
- Using the RAID GUI 27
- • Firefox language settings 27
- 2.1.2 Multiple System Viewer 28
- 2.2 Monitor Mode 29
- 2.2.1 HDD state 30
- 2.2.2 Information icons 31
- 2.2.3 Rear side view 32
- 2.2.4 Login 35
- 2.3.3 Monitor mode 38
- 2.3.4 Information icons 38
- 2.4 Config Mode 39
- 2.5 Quick Setup 40
- 2.6 RAID Management 41
- 2.6.2 JBOD 42
- 2.6.3 Disk groups 43
- • Delete disk groups 44
- • Modify disk groups 44
- 2.6.4 Logical disks 45
- • Delete logical disks 46
- • Modify logical disks 46
- 2.6.5 Volumes 47
- 2.6.6 Snapshot Volumes 48
- 2.6.7 Storage provisioning 50
- • Symmetric method 51
- • Selective method 53
- 2.7 Maintenance Utilities 54
- 2.7.6 Expanding volumes 57
- 2.7.7 Shrinking volumes 57
- 2.7.8 Cloning hard disks 58
- 2.7.9 Scrubbing 58
- 2.7.12 Array roaming 60
- 2.7.13 Array recovery 60
- • Partition state transition 61
- • Start a recovery 61
- 2.7.14 Schedule task 62
- 2.7.15 Cache Configurations 62
- 2.7.16 Miscellaneous 62
- 2.8 Hardware Configurations 63
- 2.8.2 Ports 65
- 2.8.3 COM port 68
- 2.9 Event Management 69
- • SNMP MIB Definition 70
- 2.9.3 Event logs 71
- 2.9.4 UPS 72
- 2.9.5 Miscellaneous 72
- 2.10 System Management 73
- 2.10.4 System Time 76
- 2.10.5 Security control 76
- 2.10.6 System information 77
- 2.10.7 Battery backup module 77
- 2.10.10 Miscellaneous 78
- 2.11 Performance Management 79
- 2.11.3 LUN 80
- 2.11.4 Storage port 80
- Using the LCD Consolel 82
- 3.2 LCD Messages 83
- 3.2.3 Emergent info 84
- 3.2.5 Hotkeys 85
- 3.3 Menu 86
- 3.3.4 Terminal Port Settings 87
- 3.3.5 System Settings 87
- 3.3.6 System Information 87
- 4.1 Overview 88
- 4.2 Basic RAID Management 89
- 4.2.3 Disk groups 90
- 4.2.4 Spare and rebuild 90
- 4.2.5 Logical disks 91
- 4.2.7 Volumes 92
- 4.2.8 Cache 92
- 4.3.3 Task priority control 95
- 4.4 Storage Presentation 97
- 4.4.3 Storage groups 98
- 4.4.4 Presentation planning 99
- 4.5.1 Generic hard disk 100
- Using the CLI Commands 101
- 4.5.2 SAS ports 102
- 4.5.3 SCSI ports 102
- 4.5.4 FC ports 103
- 4.5.6 Local terminal ports 105
- 4.5.7 Enclosure 105
- 4.5.9 iSCSI target / ports 106
- 4.6 Performance management 108
- 4.6.4 Storage ports 109
- 4.8 Event Management 110
- 4.8.3 Event handling 111
- 4.9 System Management 112
- 4.9.2 Time management 113
- 4.9.4 System information 114
- 4.9.5 Miscellaneous 115
- 4.10.1 Lookup RAID systems 116
- 4.12 Snapshot 117
- Chapter 5: Advanced Functions 119
- Advanced Functions 120
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 121
- 7 8 9 10 11 12 121
- • MPIO Device Information 123
- • Manage multipathd service 126
- 5.2 Multiple ID solutions 128
- 5.3 Redundant Controller 129
- Host Group 0 133
- Host Group 1 134
- • GUI Notification 139
- 5.4 Snapshot 140
- • Spare COW Volume 141
- • Restoring by Snapshots 141
- • Online Volume Expansion 141
- 5.4.3 How to Use Snapshots 142
- • Snapshot Roaming 144
- 5.5.2 Logical disk shrink 146
- 5.5.3 Logical disk expansion 147
- 5.5.4 Disk group expansion 148
- • Do extend a partition: 150
- • Do shrink a partition: 150
- 5.6 RAIDGuard Central 151
- 5.6.2 Deployment Overview 152
- • Windows OS platform 153
- • Mac/ Linux OS platform 153
- 5.6.6 RGC GUI Overview 155
- 5.6.8 RAID System Monitoring 160
- 5.7 VDS Provider 161
- • Register RAID systems 163
- • Microsoft DiskRAID 163
- • Emulex EZPilot 164
- Chapter 6: Troubleshooting 165
- 6.3 Performance Tuning 166
- 6.4 Hard Disks 167
- 6.5 User Interfaces 168
- Troubleshooting 169
- A.1 RAID Overview 173
- A.2 RAID 0 174
- A.3 RAID 1 175
- A.4 RAID 3 176
- A.5 RAID 5 177
- A.6 RAID 6 178
- A.7 RAID 10 179
- A.8 RAID 30 180
- A.9 RAID 50 181
- A.10 RAID 60 182
- A.11 JBOD 183
- A.12 NRAID 184
- B.1 Overview 185
- Appendix 186
- Appendix C: Boot Utility 194
- C.1 (N) Set IP address 195
- C.2 (L) Load Image by TFTP 195
- C.3 (B) Update Boot ROM 196
- C.4 (S) Update System ROM 197
- C.5 (H) Utility menu 197
- C.6 (P) Set password 197
- C.7 (R) Restart system 197
- D.1 RAID 198
- • Initialization 200
- • Spare 201
- • Rebuild 202
- • Roaming 202
- • Recovery 203
- • Write Cache 204
- D.2 Task 205
- • Logical disk migration 206
- • Logical disk shrink 209
- • Disk group defragmentation 209
- • Volume expansion 210
- • Disk cloning 210
- D.3 Disk 219
- • Disk port and chip 221
- • SMART disk self tests 222
- • Bad block handling 223
- • On-disk metadata 225
- • Disk Cache 227
- D.4 Host ports 228
- • IO exceptions handling 229
- • Port and chip 229
- • Hosts 230
- • iSCSI 235
- D.5 Controller hardware 237
- D.6 Enclosure 239
- • Voltage 240
- • Power supply 242
- D.7 System 246
- • Security control 247
- • Events 248
- • Firmware update 250
- • Email (SMTP) server status 251
- • Miscellaneous 252
- • Fail-back 253
- D.8 Network 255
- • iSCSI port 256
- D.9 Miscellaneous 257
- D.10 Snapshot 257
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